ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» º º º README for º º º º UM85C408 SuperVGA package drivers and utility decompressing º º º ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ Copyright Notice All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from United Microelectronics Corporation. Trademark Acknowledgements All brand and Product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. United Microelectronics Corporation reserves the right to make any changes in this manual at any time without notice. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION Standard Modes ............................ 1-1 Extended Modes ............................ 1-1 Super VGA Software ........................ 1-2 Compatible Monitors ....................... 1-3 2.0 UTILITY PROGRAMS CLEAR.COM ................................. 2-1 UVGA.EXE .................................. 2-2 SMOOTH.COM and JUMP.COM ................... 2-9 ENABLE16.COM and ENABLE8.COM .............. 2-9 VESA.COM .................................. 2-9 RAMBIOS.SYS ............................... 2-10 UANSI.SYS ................................. 2-10 3.0 DRIVER INSTALLATION AutoCAD 11, 10.0, 9.0 and 2.5 ............. 3-3 AutoShade 2.0 and 1.1 ..................... 3-6 Windows/286 and Windows/386 2.10, 2.03 .... 3-7 GEM/3 3.11 ................................ 3-8 Lotus 1-2-3 2.01 and Symphony 2.0 ......... 3-8 Ventura Publisher 3.0, 2.0 and 1.1 ........ 3-9 Wordperfect 5.1 and 5.0 ................... 3-10 Framework II, III and IV .................. 3-10 Wordstar R3/4/5 ........................... 3-11 Windows 3.0 ............................... 3-11 Windows 3.1 ............................... 3-13 PCAD 4.x .................................. 3-14 Appendix A. PROGRAMMER'S GUIDE ........................ A-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION An 8 or 16-bit PC adapter, equipped with UM85C408 and 1MB memory, supports up to non-interlaced and interlaced up to 256 colors at resolutions of 1024 x 768 and 800 x 600 and interlaced 1280 x 1024 in 16 colors. High Color & 70Hz The adapter also supports flicker-free 70Hz vertical rate for 1024 x 768, 800 x 600 and 640 x 480 graphics modes. If equipped with a Hicolor RAMDAC, this adapter also supports 32K/64K color modes at resolutions of 800 x 600 and 640 x 480. Standard Modes UM85C408 supports the following personal Computer Display Adapter standards: VGA IBM Video Graphics Array EGA IBM Enhanced Graphics Adapter CGA IBM Color Graphics Adapter MDA IBM Monochrome Display Adapter Hercules Hercules Graphics Card Extended Modes In addition to the standard graphics and text modes, UM85C408 supports the following extended modes. Mode Mode Char. Char. Type No. Color Format Size Resolution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ A 46 mono 132 x 25 8 x 14 1056 x 350 A 47 mono 132 x 29 8 x 12 1056 x 348 A 48 mono 132 x 32 8 x 12 1056 x 384 A 49 mono 132 x 44 8 x 8 1056 x 352 A 60 16 132 x 25 8 x 14 1056 x 350 A 61 16 132 x 29 8 x 12 1056 x 348 A 62 16 132 x 32 8 x 12 1056 x 384 A 63 16 132 x 44 8 x 8 1056 x 352 A 64 16 132 x 60 8 x 8 1056 x 480 A 72 16 80 x 60 8 x 8 640 x 480 G 73 16 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 A 74 16 80 x 66 8 x 8 640 x 528 A 78/6B 16 100 x 37 8 x 16 800 x 592 G 79/6A 16 100 x 75 8 x 8 800 x 600 G 7D 256 64 x 32 8 x 16 512 x 512 G 7E 256 80 x 25 8 x 16 640 x 400 A 58 16 80 x 32 9 x 16 720 x 512 G 5C 256 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 G 5E/6C 256 100 x 75 8 x 8 800 x 600 G 5F 16 128 x 48 8 x 16 1024 x 768 G 7F 256 128 x 48 8 x 16 1024 x 768 G 50 32K/64K 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 G 51 32K/64K 100 x 75 8 x 8 800 x 600 G 7A 16 160 x 64 8 x 16 1280 x 1024 A: Alphanumeric Mode G: Graphics Mode Super VGA Software The UMC Super VGA adapter comes with the following software programs. These can help you to take full advantage of its superior features. Refer to each section for detailed description and usage. Utilities CLEAR.COM Extended clear screen utility UVGA.EXE Set mode and diagnostic utility JUMP.COM Normal screen scroll utility SMOOTH.COM Smooth screen scroll utility VESA.COM To standardize a common software interface to uper VGA video adapter. ENABLE16.COM Enable 16/8 bits text utility ENABLE8.COM Device Drivers UANSI.SYS Extended ANSI driver RAMBIOS.SYS RAM resident video BIOS driver or RAMBIOS.EXE Advanced Application Device Drivers AutoCAD R11, 10.0 and 9.0 AutoCAD 2.5 and 2.6 AutoShade 2.0 and 1.1 GEM/3 3.11 Lotus 1-2-3 2.01 and 2.2 Symphony 2.0 Ventura Publisher 3.0, 2.0 and 1.1 Windows/386 2.10 and 2.03 Windows/286 2.10 and 2.03 Wordperfect 5.1 and 5.0 Windows 3.1 and 3.0 Wordstar 5/4/3 IBM OS/2 Presentation Manager 1.2 and 1.1 Driver FrameWork IV and III PCAD 4.x Compatible Monitors UM85C408 supports fixed and multiple frequency analog monitors through a 15-pin analog connector. TTL monitor is not supported. In general, the characteristic of your monitor determine the mode availability. The monitor characteristic required for most frequent used modes are listed here for your reference. 1. IBM 8503, 8512, 8513 or Equivalent Horizontal Scan Rate : 31.5KHz 2. IBM 8514 OR Equivalent Horizontal Scan Rate : 35.5KHz and 31.5KHz 3. Non-interlaced 800 x 600 Vertical Scan Rate : 57Hz Horizontal Scan Rate : 35KHz 4. Interlaced 1024 x 768 Vertical Scan Rate : 44Hz Horizontal Scan Rate : 35.5KHz 5. Non-interlaced 1024 x 768 Vertical Scan Rate : 60Hz Horizontal Scan Rate : 48KHz 6. 70Hz for non-interlaced 1024 x 768, 800 x 600 and 640 x 480 Vertical Scan Rate : 70Hz Horizontal Scan Rate : 56KHz (1024 x 768 modes) 45KHz (800 x 600 modes) 35KHz (640 x 480 modes) The chart on this page can help you to determine your monitor's capability. ³ ³ Monitor Type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mode No. ³ 1 2 3 4 5 6 ³ ³ 46 ³ * * * * * * 47 ³ * * * * * * 48 ³ * * * * * * 49 ³ * * * * * * 60 ³ * * * * * * 61 ³ * * * * * * 62 ³ * * * * * * 63 ³ * * * * * * 64 ³ * * * * * * 72 ³ * * * * (70) (70) 73 ³ * * * * (70) (70) 74 ³ - - * * * * 78/6B ³ - - * * (70) (70) 79/6A ³ - - * * (70) (70) 7D ³ * * * * * * 7E ³ - - * * * * 7F ³ - IN - IN NI NI(70) 58 ³ * * * * * * 5C ³ * * * * * * 5E/6C ³ - - * * * * 5F ³ - IN - IN NI NI(70) 50 ³ - - * * * * 51 ³ - - * * * * 7A ³ - IN - IN IN IN - : Not Available IN : Available in Interlaced Mode * : Available NI : Available in Non-interlaced Mode (70) : Available in 70Hz and 60Hz Vertical Refresh Rates 2.0 UTILITY PROGRAMS The following Super VGA utility programs contained in the UTIL directory of the UMC Super VGA Utility and Driver Diskette can help you to take full advantage of this Super VGA adapter. Make a backup copy before using it. CLEAR.COM Extended clear screen utility UVGA.EXE Set mode and diagnostic utility SMOOTH.COM Smooth screen scroll utility JUMP.COM Normal screen scroll utility ENABLE16.COM Enable 16/8 bits text utility ENABLE8.COM VESA.COM To standardize a common software interface to super VGA video adapter. RAMBIOS.SYS RAM resident video BIOS driver RAMBIOS.EXE UANSI.SYS Extended ANSI driver Convention In order to easily remember the correct usage, these conventions will be used throughout this manual to indicate when and what DOS commands should be used . All DOS commands will be shown in BOLD HELVETICA. : This represents pressing key. {AON,AOFF}: One of the parameters has to be entered. [OPTION]: Parameter in the square bracket is optional. CLEAR.COM Extended Clear Screen Utility Command Syntax: >CLEAR The DOS clear screen command. "CLS" only clears a portion of the screen under extended modes. For DOS users, please use CLEAR.COM instead of CLS to clear the whole screen. UVGA.EXE Set Mode and Diagnostic Utility Command Syntax: >UVGA [-KEYWORD] This set mode and diagnostic program allows you to select and preview any mode that is available to your configuration. You may run this program either directly from the DOS prompt or from a menu. By typing UVGA KEYWORD , for instance UVGA -V13 , you are entering the 320 x 200 256-color graphics mode. To return to the default mode use : UVGA -V3 . By typing UVGA at the DOS prompt, you are entering a menu-driven set mode program. There are six menus, and you will be entering one of these menus depending on the monitor and the switch setting of the Super VGA adapter . Follow the Command Menu on the screen to set the desired mode. AUTO DISPLAY All the backward compatibility support, including CGA, MDA/Hercules and HER_CDOS ( Chinese applications based on Hercules ), are listed in each UVGA menu. These features can be enabled by either using the syntax mentioned above or selecting Auto Display in that menu with the key. Examples such as: >UVGA [MDA, CGA, HCD] Or simply enter AON (AutoDisplay ON) or AOFF (AutoDisplay OFF) to enable or disable all backward support. >UVGA {AON, AOFF} UMC's Super VGA automatically selects the appropriate mode of operation for most applications. If an older CGA game will not operate, then try UVGA AON. In general, leave AutoDisplay off. FLICKER FREE For those who need to work with computer all day long and have tolerated the ergonomic issues of eye strain and fatigue. You can really give your eyes a break by using this utility. The Flicker free feature in the UVGA increases the vertical refresh rate of 640 x 480 modes from 60Hz to 70Hz for UM85C408. By typing UVGA 70 at the DOS prompt or following the UVGA menu-driven instructions, you may get 10 more frames per second if your monitor supports 70Hz vertical refresh rate. The default is OFF (60Hz). >UVGA [60, 70] For this may increase the vertical refresh rates to 70Hz for all the 640 x 480, 800 x 600 and 1024 x 768 modes. After entering the above command, you will be provided with a list 70Hz and/or 60Hz modes depending upon the monitor being used. MONITOR TYPE For the difference monitor type, user can select the corresponding or compatible monitor type at the DOS prompt (UVGA Mx ) or following the UVGA menu-driven instructions. There are 9 monitor type support on the BIOS that you can select. The default UVGA [M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8] The monitor-reference type list as following: M0 : SONY 1302 M5 : NEC MxL M1 : SONY 1304 M6 : NEC 3D M2 : NANOA 8060 M7 : NEC 4D M3 : NANOA 9070 M8 : IBM 85xx M4 : NEC 2A UVGA Utility is used to select the desired video mode. By typing UVGA and pressing at DOS prompt, the UVGA main menu is displayed on the screen as shown in Fig 2.1. In UVGA main menu, video mode can be selected by UP arrow or DOWN arrow key, then pressing key to set the selected video mode. UVGA main menu would be exited to DOS prompt by pressing . ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ºMULTIFREQ DISPLAY + EXTENDED VGA MODE MENUº Û Selected Mode : V3 Û ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ Û Û º Mode Type Resolution Color Keywordº Û IBM VGA standard Mode Û ÇÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄĶ Û Displays : Û º 0 + Text 360 x 400 16 V0 º Û IBM 8503,8512,8513,8514 Û º 1 + Text 360 x 400 16 V1 º Û Multi-frequency Û º 2 + Text 720 x 400 16 V2 º Û Alphabet Format: Û º 3 + Text 720 x 400 16 V3 º Û Row :25 Û º 4 Grap 320 x 200 4 V4 º Û Column :80 Û º 5 Grap 320 x 200 4 V5 º Û Font Height :16 Û º 6 Grap 640 x 200 2 V6 º Û Font Width :9 Û º 7 + Text 720 x 400 Mono V7 º ßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßß º D Grap 320 x 200 16 VD º ²±° Display-Adapter FLAG °±² º E Grap 640 x 200 16 VE º ²±° Auto Display : OFF °±² º F Grap 640 x 350 Mono VF º ²±° Ram Buffer : 1 MB °±² º 10 Grap 640 x 350 16 V10 º ²±° Monitor : NEC 4D °±² º 11 Grap 640 x 480 2 V11 º ²±° High Colors: 32K °±² º 12 Grap 640 x 480 16 V12 º * Menu Command * º 13 Grap 320 x 200 256 ** V13 º ESC : Exit to DOS º 46 Text 1056 x 350 Mono V46 º Enter : Select MARKED MODE º 47 Text 1056 x 348 Mono V47 º <-/-> : Select display menu º 48 Text 1056 x 384 Mono V48 º _ / _ : Select video mode º 49 Text 1056 x 352 Mono V49 º F1 : Toggle AS/VR/RM º 60 Text 1056 x 350 16 V60 º F2 : Select CGA/MDA/HCD ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ ColorTech Super VGA 1.00 Fig 2.1 Main Menu By pressing Key in UVGA main menu, the right hand siede of the screen would display the AS/VR/RM toggle menu, as shown in Fig 2.2. In AS/VR/RM toggle menu. AutoDisplay would be turn ON or turn OFF by pressing key. Striking key once or more would switch display memory size to 256K, 512 or 1M. To use key to select the proper monitor type. ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» ºMULTIFREQ DISPLAY + EXTENDED VGA MODE MENUº * Auto Display Switch * ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ CGA,MDA,Hercules program can ºMode Type Resolution Color Keyword º work on IBM analog or Muilt- ÇÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄĺ iple frequency monitors if º 0 + Text 360 x 400 16 V0 º AutoDisplay Switch is ON. º 1 + Text 360 x 400 16 V1 º * Video RAM Select * º 2 Grap 320 x 200 4 V2 º You may use this function to º 3 + Text 720 x 400 16 V3 º override your SVGA RAM size. º 4 Grap 320 x 200 4 V4 º * Monitor Select * º 5 Grap 320 x 200 4 V5 º You may use this function to º 6 Grap 640 x 200 2 V6 º select reference monitor. º 7 + Text 720 x 400 Mono V7 º º D Grap 320 x 200 16 VD º ²±° Display-Adapter FLAG °±² º E Grap 640 x 200 16 VE º ²±° Auto Display : OFF °±² º F Grap 640 x 350 Mono VF º ²±° Ram Buffer : 1 MB °±² º 10 Grap 640 x 350 16 V10 º ²±° Monitor : NEC 4D °±² º 11 Grap 640 x 480 2 V11 º ²±° High Colors: 32K °±² º 12 Grap 640 x 480 16 V12 º * FLAG Toggle Command * º 13 Grap 320 x 200 256 ** V13 º ESC : Exit to Main menu º 46 Text 1056 x 350 Mono V46 º Enter : Acknowledge º 47 Text 1056 x 348 Mono V47 º F5 : Toggle Auto Display º 48 Text 1056 x 384 Mono V48 º F6 : Toggle Video RAM º 49 Text 1056 x 352 Mono V49 º F7 : Toggle Monitor º 60 Text 1056 x 350 16 V60 º F8 : Toggle High Color ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ ColorTech Super VGA 1.00 Fig 2.2 Toggle Menu As the key is pressed, the UVGA main menu would be shown as Fig 2.3. Then, use space bar to toggle CGA mode, MDA mode and HCD mode as shown in Fig 2.3, Fig 2.4 and Fig 2.5 respectively. If the desired operation mode is selected, then press key to set the selected mode. ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» ºMULTIFREQ DISPLAY + EXTENDED VGA MODE MENUº *** CGA MODE *** ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ º Mode Type Resolution Color Keywordº * Register level compatible * ÇÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄĶ º 0 + Text 360 x 400 16 V0 º º 1 + Text 360 x 400 16 V1 º Select this one , you can run º 2 + Text 720 x 400 16 V2 º those programs that work on a º 3 + Text 720 x 400 16 V3 º CGA adapter no matter what º 4 Grap 320 x 200 4 V4 º monitor you have right now. º 5 Grap 320 x 200 4 V5 º º 6 Grap 640 x 200 2 V6 º º 7 + Text 720 x 400 Mono V7 º º D Grap 320 x 200 16 VD º ²±° Display-Adapter FLAG °±² º E Grap 640 x 200 16 VE º ²±° Auto Display : OFF °±² º F Grap 640 x 350 Mono VF º ²±° Ram Buffer : 1 MB °±² º 10 Grap 640 x 350 16 V10 º ²±° Monitor : NEC 4D °±² º 11 Grap 640 x 480 2 V11 º ²±° High Colors: 32K °±² º 12 Grap 640 x 480 16 V12 º º 13 Grap 320 x 200 256 ** V13 º * OLD MODE Select Command * º 46 Text 1056 x 350 Mono V46 º ESC : Exit to main Menu º 47 Text 1056 x 348 Mono V47 º Enter : Acknowledge º 48 Text 1056 x 384 Mono V48 º Space : Select CGA/MDA/HCD º 49 Text 1056 x 352 Mono V49 º º 60 Text 1056 x 350 16 V60 º ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ ColorTech Super VGA 1.00 Fig 2.3 CGA Mode Menu ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» ºMULTIFREQ DISPLAY + EXTENDED VGA MODE MENUº *** MDA/Hercules MODE *** ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ º Mode Type Resolution Color Keywordº * Register level compatible * º 0 + Text 360 x 400 16 V0 º º 1 + Text 360 x 400 16 V1 º Select this one , you can º 2 + Text 720 x 400 16 V2 º run those programs that work º 3 + Text 720 x 400 16 V3 º on a MDA/Hercules adapter no º 4 Grap 320 x 200 4 V4 º matter what monitor you º 5 Grap 320 x 200 4 V5 º have right now. º 6 Grap 640 x 200 2 V6 º º 7 + Text 720 x 400 Mono V7 º º D Grap 320 x 200 16 VD º ²±° Display-Adapter FLAG °±² º E Grap 640 x 200 16 VE º ²±° Auto Display : OFF °±² º F Grap 640 x 350 Mono VF º ²±° Ram Buffer : 1 MB °±² º 10 Grap 640 x 350 16 V10 º ²±° Monitor : NEC 4D °±² º 11 Grap 640 x 480 2 V11 º ²±° High Colors: 32K °±² º 12 Grap 640 x 480 16 V12 º º 13 Grap 320 x 200 256 ** V13 º * OLD MODE Select Command * º 46 Text 1056 x 350 Mono V46 º ESC : Exit to main Menu º 47 Text 1056 x 348 Mono V47 º Enter : Acknowledge º 48 Text 1056 x 384 Mono V48 º Space : Select CGA/MDA/HCD º 49 Text 1056 x 352 Mono V49 º º 60 Text 1056 x 350 16 V60 º ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ ColorTech Super VGA 1.00 Fig 2.4 MDA/Hercules Mode Menu ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ» ºMULTIFREQ DISPLAY + EXTENDED VGA MODE MENUº *** HER_CDOS compatible *** ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ º Mode Type Resolution Color Keywordº * Register level compatible * º 0 + Text 360 x 400 16 V0 º º 1 + Text 360 x 400 16 V1 º Select this one , you can run º 2 + Text 720 x 400 16 V2 º those programs that work on a º 3 + Text 720 x 400 16 V3 º MDA/Hercules adapter no matter º 4 Grap 320 x 200 4 V4 º what monitor you have right º 5 Grap 320 x 200 4 V5 º now. º 6 Grap 640 x 200 2 V6 º º 7 + Text 720 x 400 Mono V7 º º D Grap 320 x 200 16 VD º ²±° Display-Adapter FLAG °±² º E Grap 640 x 200 16 VE º ²±° Auto Display : OFF °±² º F Grap 640 x 350 Mono VF º ²±° Ram Buffer : 1 MB °±² º 10 Grap 640 x 350 16 V10 º ²±° Monitor : NEC 4D °±² º 11 Grap 640 x 480 2 V11 º ²±° High Colors: 32K °±² º 12 Grap 640 x 480 16 V12 º º 13 Grap 320 x 200 256 ** V13 º * OLD MODE Select Command * º 46 Text 1056 x 350 Mono V46 º ESC : Exit to main Menu º 47 Text 1056 x 348 Mono V47 º Enter : Acknowledge º 48 Text 1056 x 384 Mono V48 º Space : Select CGA/MDA/HCD º 49 Text 1056 x 352 Mono V49 º º 60 Text 1056 x 350 16 V60 º ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ ColorTech Super VGA 1.00 Fig 2.5 HCD Mode Menu SMOOTH.COM Smooth Screen Scroll Utility JUMP.COM Normal Screen Scroll Utility Command Syntax: >SMOOTH >JUMP The SMOOTH.COM is very useful especially when you are reviewing a long and wide list of alphanumeric data. You get a smoothly scrolled screen when you type SMOOTH at the DOS prompt. Try DIR DOS command without running this utility to see if you can read those file names in motion. And try DIR after running SMOOTH.COM to find your files with ease. The effect of this utility is not noticeable under graphics modes. You can bring the smoothly scrolled screen back to normal manner when you type JUMP at the DOS prompt. ENABLE16.COM Enable 16 Bits text utility ENABLE8.COM Enable 8 Bits text utility Command Synttax: ENABLE16 ENABLE8 To obtain a better performance, system will be under 16 bits R/W. If it is concered with the compatibility to IBM standard VGA, the 8 bits R/W to obtain a better result. VESA.COM Provide simplified software application access to advanced VGA products. Command Syntax: >VESA If you want to run some program designed by VESA standard in 85C408, you must run VESA.COM first. VESA.COM is a TSR program which supports kinds of function as following: 0. Return Super VGA information 1. Return Super VGA mode information 2. Set Super VGA mode 3. Return Super VGA mode 4. Save/Store Super VGA video state 5. Super VGA video memory window control RAMBIOS.SYS RAM Resident Video BIOS Driver RAMBIOS.EXE This driver can be installed to speed up video read and write operations. Place DEVICE = RAMBIOS.SYS in the file CONFIG.SYS, and reboot the system to install this driver. It is a memory resident program and must be istalled before any other device driver to insure application programs compatibility. RAMBIOS.EXE is a program for Autoexec.bat or under DOS prompt. UANSI.SYS Extended ANSI Driver UANSI.SYS replaces the DOS ANSI.SYS driver. If it exists, replace DEVICE = ANSI.SYS with DEVICE = UANSI.SYS in the file CONFIG.SYS. Reboot the system to install this driver. 3.0 DRIVER INSTALLATION You are ready to enjoy this high resolution graphics system. Simply install the application program according to the application software manual, and follow the instructions in the following sections to install high resolution drivers UMC provided. Drivers listed in Table 3.1 come with your Super VGA purchase. Table 3.1 Advanced Application Driver Application Program Driver Name Resolution Color AutoCAD 11, 10, 9 CT1K16.EXE 1024 x 768 16* CT6256.EXE 640 x 480 256* CT8256.EXE 800 x 600 256* CT1K256.EXE 1024 x 768 256** CT816.EXE 800 x 600 16 CT1280.EXE 1280 x 1024 16** AutoCAD 2.5, 2.6 DS1K16.EXE 1024 x 768 16* DS816.EXE 800 x 600 16 DS121K.EXE 1280 x 1024 16** AutoCAD R10 386 (R11) DSP800.EXP 800 x 600 16 DSP1024.EXP 1024 x 768 16* DSP1280.EXP 1280 x 1024 16** AutoCAD Display List DSDL800.EXE 800 x 600 16 DSDL1024.EXE 1024 x 768 16* DSDL1280.EXE 1280 x 1024 16** AutoShade 2.0 & 1.1 RD800.COM 800 x 600 256* RD640.COM 640 x 480 256* RD1024.COM 1024 x 768 256** GEM/3 3.11 SDFVGA1K.VGA 1024 x 768 16* SDFVGA86.VGA 800 x 600 16 SDFVGA7K.VGA 768 x 1024 16* Lotus 1-2-3 2.01, 2.2 132XALL.DRV 132 x 25, 29 16 32, 44, 60 (Symphony 2.0) CT816.DRV 800 x 600 16 CT1K16.DRV 1024 x 768 16* CT1216.DRV 1280 x 1024 16** Ventura 2.0, 1.1 SDFVGA1K.VGA 1024 x 768 16* SDFVGA86.VGA 800 x 600 16 SDFVGA7K.VGA 768 x 1024 16* Windows/386/286 2.10. 2.03 1024x768.DRV 1024 x 768 8 800x600.DRV 800 x 600 8 WordPerfect 5.0 CT1K16.WPD 1024 x 768 16* CT816.WPD 800 x 600 16 CT1216.WPD 1280 x 1024 16** CT1K256.WPD 1024 x 768 256** CT8256.WPD 800 x 600 256* CT6256.WPD 640 x 480 256* WordPerfect 5.1 WPCTK16.VRS 800 x 600 16 1024 x 768 16* 1280 x 1024 16** WPCTK256.VRS 640 x 480 256* 800 x 600 256* 1024 X 768 256** (Text) WPCTKTXT.VRS 132 x 25/29/32/60 PM Microsoft OS/2 CT816.DLL 800 x 600 16 Presentation Manager CT1K16.DLL 1024 x 768 16* V:1.1, 1.2 Driver PCAD 4.x PCAD1280.DRV 1280 x 1024 16** PCAD1K16.DRV 1024 x 768 16* PCAD816.DRV 800 x 600 16 Windows 3.0, 3.1 CT816.DRV 800 x 600 16 CT1K16.DRV 1024 x 768 16* CT6256.DRV 640 x 480 256* CT8256B.DRV 800 x 600 256** CT1K256.DRV 1024 x 768 256** CT8256A.DRV 800 x 600 256* CT7681K.DRV 768 x 1024 16** CT121K.DRV 1280 x 1024 16** CT632K.DRV 640 x 480 32K** CT832K.DRV 800 x 600 32K** FrameWork III and IV (TEXT) FW60.SC 132 x 25 16 (Text) FW61.SC 132 x 29 16 (Text) FW62.SC 132 x 32 16 (Text) FW63.SC 132 x 44 16 (Text) FW64.SC 132 x 60 16 (Text) FW58.SC 80 x 32 16 (Text) FW72.SC 80 x 60 16 (Text) FW74.SC 80 x 66 16 (Text) FW78.SC 100 x 37 16 (Graphics) FW79*.SC 800 x 600 16 (Graphics) FW73*.SC 640 x 480 16 WordStar R3/4/5 See driver disk #1 "Read.me" file. Note: (1) These items marked with an asterisk <*> require 512KB memory. (2) These items marked with two asterisks <**> require 1MKB memory. This actual list of drivers is subject to change. Please refer to the READ.ME file on the diskette for up to date versions and information. AutoCAD R11, 10.0, 9.0, 2.6 and 2.5 Advanced drivers are contained in the AUTOCAD directory. Use the following procedure to install this driver: 1. For AutoCAD 11.0, 10.0 and 9.0 copy CT1K16.EXE, CT816.EXE, CT6256.EXE, CT1K256.EXE, CT8256.EXE and CT1280.EXE from the UMC utility and driver diskette to AutoCAD directory, and then install an appropriate driver. a. Run CT1K16.EXE and select the desired options for the 1024 X 768 16- color driver. >CT1K16 b. Run CT816.EXE and select the desired options for the 800 x 600 16- color driver. >CT816 c. Run CT8256.EXE to select desired options to install the 800 x 600 256-color driver. >CT8256 Entering driver name with option i changes the background color to black . You need to install this driver once at every power up. 2. Install AutoCAD following normal AutoCAD procedures and invoke the program by typing ACAD at the DOS prompt. >ACAD 3. From the AutoCAD Main Menu, select option number 5, Configure AutoCAD. Enter selection : 5 Press return to continue : 4. From the AutoCAD Configuration menu, select number 3, Configure video display. Enter selection <0> : 3 Type Yes to select a new display. 5. From the Available video display, select number 2, ADI display. Select device number ...... 2 Hexadecimal interrupt code (INT 0XXh) <7A>: Answer your preference options Yes, No or accept the default by pressing . 6. From the Configuration menu, select number 0, Exit to Main Menu. Enter selection : 0 Keep Configuration changes ? Y 7. From the AutoCAD Main Menu, select number 0, Exit to AutoCAD. Enter selection : 0 8. For AutoCAD 2.5 copy DS1K16.EXE,DS121K.EXE and DS816.EXE from the UMC Utility and Driver Diskette to AutoCAD directory, and then install an appropriate driver. a. Run DS1K16.EXE to install the 1024 x 768 16-color driver. >DS1K16 [i] b. Run DS816.EXE to install the 800 x 600 16-color driver. >DS816 [i] Entering driver name with option i changes the background color to black. You need to install this driver once at every power up. 9. To run AutoCAD on single monitor, type ACAD at the DOS prompt. >ACAD To run AutoCAD with two monitors, type MODE MONO to switch the console to the secondary monitor, and then type ACAD. >MODE MONO >ACAD AutoCAD R11, R10 and R9 with ADI P386 Driver For AutoCAD R11, 10 and 9 copy DSP1280.EXP, DSP800.EXP, DSP1024.EXP from UMC utility and driver diskette to AutoCAD directory, and then install an appropriate driver. For example: If you use DSP1280.EXP as your device driver you would do the following steps. 1. Type "set DSPADI=C:\ACAD\DSP1280.EXP" at the DOS prompt. Remark: We default the AutoCAD package and device driver are both in the ACAD directory at Hard Disk C. 2. Install AutoCAD following normal AutoCAD procedures and invoke the program by typing ACAD at the DOS prompt: >ACAD 3. From the AutoCAD Main Menu, select option number 5, Configure AutoCAD. Enter selection : 5 Press return to continue : 4. From the AutoCAD Configuration menu, select number 3, Configure video display. Enter selection <0> : 3 Type Yes to select a new display. 5. From the Available video display, select number 1, ADI display. Select device number ...... 1 xx ColorTech 1280 x 1024 16 color xx Answer your preference options Yes, No or accept the default by pressing . 6. From the Configuration menu, select number 0, Exit to Main Menu. Enter selection : 0 Keep Configuration changes ? 7. From the AutoCAD Main Menu, select number 0, Exit to AutoCAD. Enter selection : 0 AutoShade 2.0 and 1.1 Advanced drivers are contained in AUTOSHAD directory. From AutoShade's Installation & Performance Guide page 8 -- " We do not recommend that you run AutoCAD and AutoShade at the same time under DOS ". We recommend that you may create your .FLM file under AutoCAD use AutoCAD driver. Reboot the system, instal Use the following procedure to install the driver : 1. Install AutoShade following the normal AutoShade procedures and invoke the program by typing SHADE or SHADE -R to configure or reconfigure AutoShade. >SHADE >SHADE -R 2. From the select display device, select option number 1, AutoDesk Device Interface display driver. Display selection : 1 3. From the select rendering display device, select option number 1, AutoDesk Device Interface rendering driver. Rendering selection : 1 Do the display and rendering devices share a single screen (default = NO): Y Does FLIPSCREEN require a redraw (default = NO):Y 4. Copy RD800.COM, RD640.COM and RD1K.COM from the UMC Utility and Driver Diskette to AutoShade directory, and then install an appropriate driver. a. Run RD800.COM to install 800 x 600 16-color display driver and 800 x 600 256-color rendering driver. >RD800 b. Run RD640.COM to install 800 x 600 16-color display driver and 640 x 480 256-color rendering driver. >RD640 c. Run RD1K.COM to install 800 x 600 16-color display driver and 1024 x 768 256-color rendering driver. >RD1K Windows/286 and Windows/386 2.1 and 2.03 Advanced drivers are contained in the WIN286 and WIN386 directories. Use the following procedure to install the driver: 1. Install Windows as usual using SETUP.EXE on the Windows Setup Diskette #1. 2. When selecting a display adapter, choose the option Other and use one of the following two. a. For Windows/286 2.1 or 2.03, change the drive and path to A:\WIN286 before inserting UMC's Utility and Driver Diskette. b. For Windows/386 2.1 or 2.03, change the drive and path to A:\WIN386 before inserting UMC's Utility and Driver Diskette. 3. Select the appropriate UMC Super VGA option and complete the installation following the prompts. Note: Before you run Windows, please delete DEVICE = MOUSE.SYS from the file CONFIG.SYS, because Windows will load its own mouse driver. GEM/3 3.11 Advanced drivers are contained in the GEMVEN directory. Install GEM/3 according to the GEM/3 manual and use the following procedure to install a high resolution driver: 1. Install GEM/3 according to the GEM/3 manual. 2. Insert UMC Utility & Driver Diskette in drive A, change directory to A:\GEMVEN\. 3. Run GEM768.BAT for the 768 x 1024 x 16 colors driver. Run GEM800.BAT for the 800 x 600 x 16 colors driver. Run GEM1024.BAT for the 1024 x 768 x 16 colors driver. Follow the instructions to install your high resolution driver. (1) Be sure your driver for GEM/3 is in current directory. (2) Press GEMxxx.BAT at DOS prompt. (3) Use arrow to select " 1 - Digital Research GEM/3 ", and press or press " 1 " directory. (4) Acknowledge all setting. (5) Press " 5 " to Exit to DOS. Lotus 1-2-3 2.01, 2.2 and Symphony 2.0 Advanced text drivers are contained in the LOTUS directory. NOTE: UANSI.SYS must replace ANSI.SYS in your DOS configuration and 80-column mode operation be in place prior to installation. Subsequent to installing Lotus, use the following procedure to install the advanced drivers: 1. Copy the file 132XALL.DRV from your Super VGA Utility and Driver Diskette to your Lotus 1-2-3 or Symphony subdirectory. 2. If it exists, delete SINGLE.LBR >DELETE SINGLE.LBR 3. Run the Lotus installation program. >INSTALL 4. From the Lotus installation program: a. Select Advanced Options from the main menu. b. Select Modify Current Driver Set within Advanced Options Menu. c. Select Graphics Display. d. Select ColorTech VGA*.... Adapter. e. Save the changes mode.And answer No to the question "Do you want to leave installation". Ventura Publisher 3.0, 2.0 and 1.1 Advanced drivers are contained in the GEMVEN directory. Install Ventura Publisher according to the Ventura Publisher manual. NOTE : If you have previously installed Ventura, and selected the Color Graphics Adapter, you must completely reinstall the program in order to choose the VGA adapter. 1. Insert UMC Utility & Driver Diskette in the drive A, change directory to A:\GEMVEN\. 2. Run VP86.BAT for the 800 x 600 x 16 colors driver. Run VP1K.BAT for the 1024 x 768 x 16 colors driver. Run VP7K.BAT for the 768 x 1024 x 16 colors driver. WordPerfect 5.0 and 5.1 Advanced graphics drivers are contained in the WP directory. Use the following procedure to install the drivers: 1. Copy *.WPD to WP50 directory and *.VRS to WP51 directory. 2. Type WP to start WordPerfect. 3. Within the Document screen, hold down SHIFT key and press key to enter the Setup screen. 4. Within the Setup screen, select 3-Display by entering 3 or D. Selection : [3, D] 5. Within the Setup: Display screen, select 5-Graphics Screen Type by entering 5 or G. Selection : [5, G] 6. Use UP-DOWN arrow key to select color graphic mode then press to ensure your selection. 7. Within the Setup: Display screen, press key. This completes the driver installation. FrameWork III, IV 1. Type SETUPFW [ENTER] within the FW III or IV directory. 2. From the SETUP menu choose option 2. 3. Select an appropriate location for the FWSETUP file from the choices outlines on the screen. 4. Select the configuration option from the main menu of SETUPFW. 5. From the configuration menu, choose the primary hardware option. 6. Select in order, screen driver and I want to enter my own driver file name. Then enter the name of the driver you want to use. WordStar R3/4/5 1. Start Wordstar's installation program by trying WSCHANGE . 2. Type WS.EXE as the filename of your WS program file, the type WS408.EXE as the filename for new change. 3. Select option A for console options. 4. Select option A for monitor options. 5. Select option C for screen options. 6. Select option A for height at the screen sizing menu, the enter the desired value for the screen height. 7. Select option B for width at the screen sizing menu, the enter a value for the screen width. 8. Run UVGA.EXE to set video mode. 9. Start Wordstar by typing WS408 . Windows 3.0 This driver disk is designed to allow you to change the video driver for Windows external to the program itself. This means that changing the drivers requires you to select and install from the DOS prompt without Windows running. You can install and change drivers in two different ways: from the floppy disk or from your hard disk. If you do not wish to have the drivers installed on your hard disk, you can load or change them from the floppy disk. Installation from floppy disk (1) Insert your Driver Disk in the appropriate floppy drive. (2) From your Windows directory, type SETUP and select DISPLAY to change the video driver. (3) Select "Other disk..." to direct the program to the floppy disk holding the new drivers. (4) When asked where the drivers will be found, state the following: A:\ Following instructions 67 below. Installation from Hard Disk (1) Having the drivers loaded on the hard disk will make it easier and faster to change drivers in the future. Make a subdirectory to hold the driver files. example: C:>md \umcdrv and switch to that subdirectory (C:>cd \umcdrv) (2) Insert the Drivers Disk into the appropriate drive and type the following command: COPY A:\*.* (3) From your Windows directory, type SETUP and select DISPLAY to change the video driver. (4) Select "Other disk..." to direct the program to the subdirectory holding the new drivers. 5) When asked where the drivers will be found, type as the following [drive:]\[directory] e.g.: C:>\umcdrv (6) A standard Windows selection menu will appear with additional video drivers from which to select. (7) Proceed normally through the remainder of the process. Check Microsoft Windows installation procedures if necessary. Windows 3.1 This driver disk is designed to allow you to select or change the video driver , for Windows 3.1 using Windows Setup. Setup can be executed from within Windows or from DOS. Note that these driver files are in Microsoft compressed format. Installation from floppy disk (1) Insert your Driver Disk in the appropriate floppy drive. (2) From your Windows directory, type SETUP and select DISPLAY to change the video driver. Or, with Windows running, select Setup from the Program Manager main group. (3) Select "Other disk..." to direct the program to the floppy disk holding the new drivers. Note that after the drivers are installed, you will not have to select "Other disk..." again should you decide to change resolutions. Lo selection menu to select the display resolution you want. (4) When asked where the drivers will be found, state the following: A:\ Following instructions 67 below. Installation from Hard Disk (1) Having the drivers loaded on the hard disk will make it easier and faster to change resolutions in the future. Make a subdirectory to hold the driver files. example: C:>md \um408 and switch to that subdirectory (C:>cd \um408) (2) Insert the Drivers Disk into the appropriate drive and type the following command: COPY A:\*.* (3) From your Windows directory, type SETUP and select DISPLAY to change the video driver. Or, with Windows running, select Setup from the Program Manager Main group. (4) Select "Other disk..." to direct the program to the subdirectory holding the new drivers. Note that once the drivers are installed, you should not have to select "Other" again should you decide to change resolutions. (5) When asked where the drivers will be found, type as the following [drive:]\[directory] e.g.: C:>\um408 (6) A standard Windows selection menu will appear with additional video drivers from which to select. (7) Proceed normally through the remainder of the process. Check Microsoft Windows installation procedures if necessary. PCAD 4.x Advance drivers are contained in PCAD directory, use the following procedure to install the driver. 1. Copy PCAD1K16.DRV, PCAD1280.DRV and PCAD816.DRV from the UMC utility and driver diskette to PCAD directory and then install an appropriate driver. 2. You also must make sure that the SIBMPC.DRV and IMOUSYS.DRV are both in the PCAD directory, if not copy them into the PCAD directory. Remark: SIBMPC.DRV and IMOUSYS.DRV both them are supplied by PCAD package. Find them out and copy them into PCAD directory. Here we assume PCAD package are in the PCAD directory. 3. Install an appropriate driver. From example: If you install PCAD1K16.DRV as you driver, then you should do the following steps. (a) Type SYSTEM C:\PCAD\SIBMPC.DRV INPUT C:\PCAD\IMOUSYS.DRV DISPLAY C:\PCAD\PCAD1K16.DRV by PE II editor utility, and save them at the ROOT directory by the name PCADDRV.SYS. Remark: We assume C:\ is ROOT directory. (b) Change directory to PCAD by typing CD\ C:\PCAD at the DOS prompt. (c) Type PCCARDS at DOS prompt and . OK !!! Driver has installed. APPENDIX A. PROGRAMMER'S GUIDE Display Memory Organization According to IBM Video Graphics Array, four display memory locations are provided. These locations can be configured at bank or segment address hex A0000 for a length of 128KB, at hex A0000 for a length of 64KB, at hex B0000 for a length of 32KB, or at hex B8000 for a length of 32KB. With the limitation of this IBM system, the display memory of the UMC VGA, which can be added up to 1MB in size, is partitioned into memory banks for proper addressing. Each memory bank is addressed using the same address space, along with a segment number programmable in a segment pointer. From a programming point of view, the display data can be structured into video bit planes under a plane system, or into memory arrays under a linear byte system, depending on the particular video mode to be supported. These two types of system, along with their addressing scheme and typical modes are described in the following sections. Plane System To support 16 colors or less, a plane system is used, where 4 independent addressable bit planes (I, R, G and B) are accessed in parallel, and each pixel is represented by up to 4 bits from the 4 planes, selecting up to 16 colors. The size of each plane depends on the resolution supported and therefore the amount of display memory required, providing two possible configurations: 256KB and 512KB of display memory. The CPU shall access the display memory using the read map select register of the graphics controller register and the map mask register of the sequencer register, applicable only to plane system, with 16-bit address lines addressing up to 64KB on each plane. For a plane greater than 64KB the 128KB can be addressed as 2 banks of 64KB (configuration 2) or a 128KB bank (configuration 1). Configuration 2 is recommended, which can be set up by programming the segment register of the sequencer register, while the miscellaneous register of the graphics controller register bits 3 and 2 are set to 0 and 1 respectively to select address space A0000H to BFFFFH. Linear Byte System To support 256 colors, a linear byte system is used whereby all memory planes are chained together as a linear byte oriented memory. Each pixel is represented by 1 single byte, selecting up to 256 colors. The depth of the linear array depends on the resolution supported, and therefore the amount of display memory required, providing three possible configurations: 4 bank (256KB of display memory), 8 bank (512KB of display memory) and 16 bank (1MB of display memory). It is recommended that configuration 2 (64KB of memory) is used by programming the segment register of the graphics controller register. Normal Mode A total of 256KB of memory, divided into 4 planes of 64KB each is used. The CPU shall use 16 address lines to access 64KB within a plane, and use the read map select register and map mask register to select one of the 4 planes desired This configuration can store up to 64K characters, and is used to support all the text modes. Refer to chapter 3 for details. 4 banks mode A total of 256KB of memory, formed by chaining 4 memory planes together into a linear array is used, which is divided into 4 banks of 64KB each. The CPU shall use 16 address lines to access 64KB within a bank, and use a 2-bit read segment pointer and writ segment pointer to select one of 4 banks desired. 8 banks mode A total of 512KB of memory, formed by chaining 8 memory planes together into a linear array is used, which is divided into 8 banks of 64KB each. The CPU shall use 16 address lines to access 64KB within a bank, and use a 3-bit read segment pointer and writ 16 banks mode A total of 18MB of memory, formed by chaining 16 memory planes together into a linear array is used, which is divided into 16 banks of 64KB each. The CPU shall use 16 address lines to access 64KB with a bank, and use a 4-bit read segment pointer and write Memory Mapping for the 1024 X 768 Modes As described in 5.1.1 1024 x 768 modes require memory addressing beyond 1 bank (64KB), thus 128KB are needed, which can be addressed as 2 banks of 64KB or a 128KB bank. Before discussing the difference between these two configurations, let's see where the bank boundary is crossed. 1024 pixels per row at 8 pixels per byte requires 128 Byte Per Row (BPR). Row and column addresses start at 0. Row 511 is the last row in the first bank. The byte address of the first byte (byte 0) in that row is 64,408 (511 x BRP). The last (byte 127) byte's address is 65,535 or FFFFH (511 x BRP +127). Therefore the bank boundary is crossed at row 512 byte 0. Using configuration 1, this is bank B000H offset 0. Using configuration 2, this is bank A000H offset 0 of bank 1. One advantage of using configuration 1 is that the byte address can be "normalized" so that you don't have to check when you cross the A000 bank boundary. The normalized address for A000:FFFF is AFFF:F. If you want to draw a vertical line past row 511, you have to add BRP to AFFF:F to get AFFF:8F (or in normalized addressing: B007:F). The main disadvantage is that on two monitor systems (mono and color), the monochrome address space start at B000:0 rows 512 to 767 will have an addressing conflict with the monochrome board. With configuration 2, you never leave the A000 bank, so there is no conflict. But you have to switch to another bank whenever you cross the bank boundary between row 511 and 512. From the row address, you can tel when the "bank switching" occurs. Row 511 is 1FFH and row 512 is 200H. Therefore, bit 5 of the row address is 0 for bank 0 and 1 for bank 1. You can mask off the 200H (bit 5) bit for bank switching. To get the row offset within either bank just mask the row address with 1FFH because rows 512 to 767 bank 1 are equivalent to row 0 to 255 of bank 0. For users who deal only with the byte offset to bank A000, there are two cases: Case 1: You are adding to the offset and generate a carry flag . In this case you cross over from bank 0 to bank 1. Case 2: You are subtracting from offset and generate a negative and carry. In this case you cross over from bank 1 to bank 0. The following sample codes are for vertical line drawing: Bank 0: 0006H Bank 1: 1106H BPORT: 3C4H Case 1 Case 2 ROWLOOP: ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ADD DI, BPR ;TOP DOWN SUB DI, BPR ;BOTTOM UP JC BANK1 JB BANK0 LOOP ROWLOOP LOOP ROWLOOP RET RET BANK1: BANK0: MOV AX, BANK1 MOV AX, BANK0 MOV DX, BPORT MOV DX, BPORT OUT DX, AX OUT DX, AX LOOP ROWLOOP LOOP ROWLOOP RET RET The standard way to find the address of a pixel is to first find out the byte offset from the base address, then the bit address within that byte. The formula is (row * BPR) + (column / 8) for the byte offset, and (column & 7) for the bit address. This formula can only be applied when the offset is within a bank boundary up to FFFFH. If the offset is at or above 10000H, then the 16-bit offset into the new bank is the rigthmost 16 bit of this offset. Another way to find the offset without overflowintg 16 bits is to first check the row to see if it is bigger than 511. If it is, then subtract 512 from the row (or mask the row with 1FFH which yields the same value) then plug the new row value into the formula. The result is the offset into the next bank. In 9-bit overflow can be checked by masking with 200H. Setting Up for 128KB and 64KB Addressing Modes After calling INT 10H set mode (AX = 005FH), you may choose to set up memory mapping for 128KB by outputting 01 to port 3CF.06 (graphics controller miscellaneous register). Or, you may choose to output 05 to 3CF.06 which sets up memory mapping for two bank of 64KB. If you have set up memory mapping for two banks of 64KB, you can switch banks by outputting to the segment port a 0H for segment 0 and 11H for segment 1. The segment port is 3C5.06 (memory select register). The following sample codes are for computing byte offset given pixel row and column. MOV DX, BPORT MOV BX, ROW MOV AX, BX AND AX, 200H ;>= 512 ? AND BX, 1FFH ;yes, subtract 512 SHR AH, 1 ;0000 000X 0000 0000 MOV AL, AH ;0000 000X 0000 000X MOV CX, 4 SHL AL, CL ;0000 000X 000X 0000 OR AH, AL ;000X 000X MOV AL, 6 OUT DX, AX MOV CL, 7 ;BPR=128 SHL BX, CL ;ROW * BPR MOV DI, COLUMN MOV CL, 3 SHR DI, CX ;+ Column / 8 ADD DI, BX ;byte offset in DI The byte, that is output to the bank port consists of the following bits: ÚÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄ¿ ³W³W³W³W³R³R³R³R³ ÀÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÙ 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WWWW: 4-bit Write Segment RRRR: 4-bit Read Segment When doing read from bank 1 and write to bank 0, the byte will be 00000001 or 01H. When doing read from bank 0 and write to bank 1, the byte will be 00010000 or 10H. Setting the Color Palettes In the 4-plane modes, up to 16 simultaneous colors can be displayed from a palette of 64 combinations. In VGA, these 64 combinations can be chosen from a palette of 256,144 color combinations. Choosing a color for each of the 16 palette registers can be done through the video BIOS (INT 10H) function 10H, subfunction 0 (for an individual register) or subfunction 2 (for all 16 registers plus overscan in one operation). The color value is comprised of 6 bits (for 64 combinations) which are arranged as follows: ÚÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄÂÄ¿ ³X³X³r³g³b³R³G³B³ ÀÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÁÄÙ 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 where r, g and b are the low intensity, and R, G and B are the high intensity bits for red, green and blue. The default values for EGA and VGA are as follows: ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ³ Index (Hex) ³ Color Value (Octal) ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´ ³ 0 ³ 00O Black ³ ³ 1 ³ 01O Blue ³ ³ 2 ³ 02O Green ³ ³ 3 ³ 03O Cyan ³ ³ 4 ³ 04O Red ³ ³ 5 ³ 05O Magenta ³ ³ 6 ³ 06O Brown ³ ³ 7 ³ 07O White ³ ³ 8 ³ 70O Grey ³ ³ 9 ³ 71O Light Blue ³ ³ A ³ 72O Light Green ³ ³ B ³ 73O Light Cyan ³ ³ C ³ 74O Light Red ³ ³ D ³ 75O Light Magenta ³ ³ E ³ 76O Yellow ³ ³ F ³ 77O Bright White ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Pixel Addressing in the 256 Color Modes The UMC VGA has six video modes for 256 colors. These are: ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ³ Mode ³ Resolution ³ # of Bytes ³ # of Bank ³ BytesPerRow³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´ ³ 13H ³ 320X200 ³ 64,000 ³ 1 ³ 320 ³ ³ 5CH ³ 640X480 ³ 307,200 ³ 5 ³ 540 ³ ³ 5EH ³ 800X600 ³ 480,000 ³ 8 ³ 800 ³ ³ 7DH ³ 512X512 ³ 262,144 ³ 4 ³ 512 ³ ³ 7EH ³ 640X400 ³ 256,000 ³ 4 ³ 640 ³ ³ 7FH ³ 1024X768 ³ 786,432 ³ 16 ³ 1024 ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Bank switching is needed for all these modes except mode 13H. Upon bank switching you have to know that the bank boundary is not necessarily at the beginning of a line except for 512 X 512 or 1024 X 768 mode. However, the length of a bank is 64K, overflow and underflow wrap around 16 bits giving the correct offset into the next or previous bank. Pixel Set for Multiple Bank Modes Since these modes have one pixel per byte, the formula for pixel offset is the same as byte offset: Row * BPR + Column. This can be done with a 16-bit unsigned multiply. The overflow will be in the DX register. And since the bank crossing could occur in the middle of a line, th ecolumn addition could also cause an overflow. This overflow will be in the lower 4 bits of the DL register and is the bank number 0 to 15. Therefore these bits can be manipulated to set the proper bank. The following subroutine does this for the UMC VGA series products. ;uses the AX and DX registers. ;assumes that the AH register contains the 3 bank bits. BANKBITS PROC NEAR MOV AL, AH ;assume AH was loaded from DL MOV CX, 4 SHL AL, CL OR AH, AL MOV AL, 6 ;3C5.6 MOV DX, BPORT ;3C4 OUT DX, AX RET BANKBITS ENDP The following is a Pixel Set Routine example. MOV BX, ROW MOV DI, COL MOV AX, BPR MUL BX ;result in DX:AX ADD DI, AX ; + Column ADC DX, 0 ;in case add caused overflow MOV AH, DL ;load AH for subroutine CALL BANKBITS MOV AX, 0A000H MOV ES, AX ;ES:DI points to screen memory MOV AL, COLOR STOSB Vertical Line Draw for Multiple Bank Modes Drawing vertical lines within a bank is as easy as adding or subtracting BPR from the current offset. It turns out that even when you cross a bank boundary, the offset is correct for that bank because the address wraps around 16 bits. The following is an example of a routine that draws a vertical line from the bottom up. MOV BX, ROWTOP MOV CX, ROWBTM MOV SI, COL MOV AX, CX ;start from bottom row SUB CX, BX ;delta y INC CX ;include end points MOV BX, BPR MUL BX ;ROWBTM * BPR ADD SI, AX ;+ column ADC DX, 0 ;in case add caused overflow MOV AH, DL ;load AH for subroutine CALL BANKBITS MOV BL, COLOR ;last use of DSEG MOV DX, 0A000H MOV DS, DX ;new DSEG MOV DX, BPORT VSET: MOV [SI], BL ;set pixel SUB SI, BPR ;next row up JNC INBANK ;within same bank? AND AH, 0FH ;no, mask out bank bits DEC AH ;next lower bank CALL BANKBITS INBANK: LOOP VSET Horizontal Line Draw for Multiple Bank Modes When drawing horizontal lines, a bank crossing may occur on that line. In this case, draw up to the bank crossing, then to the end of the line on the next bank. The following example does this: MOV BX, ROW MOV DI, COL_START ;X1 MOV SI, COL_END ;X2 MOV AX, 0A000H MOV ES, AX ;ES:DI points to screen memory MOV AX, BPR ;ROW * BPR MUL BX ;result in DX:AX (for X1) MOV CX, AX MOV BX, DX ;in BX:CX (for X2) ADD CX, SI ;compute offset to X2 ADC BX, 0 ADD AX, DI ;compute offset to X1 ADC DX, 0 MOV DI, AX ;put X1 offset into DI for STOSB MOV AH, DL ;load AH for subroutine CALL BANKBITS CLD ;forward AND AH, 0FH ;mask out 4 bank bits ;compute X1 bank to X2 bank CMP AH, BL JNE XLINE ;if line crosses bank, jump SUB CX, DI INC CX ;count in CX MOV AL, COLOR REP STOSB JMP SHORT H_EXIT ;here line does cross a bank XLINE: MOV SI, CX ;X2 offset XOR CX, CX ;0 - DI SUB CX, DI ;=# of bytes to end of 1st bank MOV AL, COLOR REP STOSB MOV AH, BL ;load AH for subroutine CALL BANKBITS ;set X2 bank MOV CX, SI ;X2 offset INC CX ;# of bytes in 2nd bank XOR DI, DI ;FROM 0 MOV AL, COLOR REP STOSB H_EXIT: Clear Screen Routine for 800 x 600 Mode The following is a Clear Screen routine for 800 x 600: MOV DX, BPORT MOV AX, 6 ;bank 0 OUT DX, AX MOV AX, 0A000H MOV ES, AX ;ES:DX points to screen memory MOV BX, 1108H ;8 bank for 800 x 600 BNKLOOP: XOR DI, DI ;index 0 MOV CX, 8000H ;write 32K word XOR AX, AX ;color 0 REP STOSW ;clear one bank at a time MOV AX, 6 ;bank 0 ADD AH, BH ;+ delta bank OUT DX, AX ;set next bank ADD BH, 11H ;inc delta to next bank DEC BL ;loop counter JNZ BNKLOO I.D. Byte All UMC's VGA adapters have an I.D. byte located in the ROM BIOS. The pointer to this I.D. byte is at location C000:0037. For example the byte at C000:0037 is B4, then the I.D. byte is at location C000:00B4. The value of the UMC VGA I.D. byte is 77H. Super VGA User's Manual