4016 DX (250-5001) Installing Additional Drives Faxback Doc. # 1552 Your system supports up to four drives. To expand your storage capacity, you can install 5 1/4-inch or 3 1/2-inch drives of the following types: * High-capacity or standard-capacity diskette drives * SmartDrives, SCSI hard disk drives, or ST-506 hard disk drives * Tape or disk cartridge drives Normally, 3 1/2-inch drives are installed on the drive platform. You can also install 3 1/2-inch drives in the drive tower, using a 5 1/4-inch adapter. All 5 1/4-inch drives are installed in the drive tower. NOTE: The instructions in this section are for general information only. Refer to the drive installation guide that accompanies your hard disk or diskette drive for additional instructions and information. After installing a new drive, run the Setup utility to update the system configuration. NOTES TO HARD DISK OWNERS: Before installing a hard drive, record the following drive information on the worksheet at the end of this manual: * Drive type and type number * Number of heads and cylinders * Head and cylinder numbers of defective tracks This information either is on a media error map attached to the hard drive or is in the hard drive installation guide. You need the drive type number when you configure your system and the head and cylinder information when you format the hard disk. After installing the hard drive, position the computer as you plan to use it (on its side or flat) before you format the hard disk. INSTALLING A 3 1/2-INCH DRIVE NOTE: If you are installing a 3 1/2-inch drive in a 5 1/2-inch drive bay, use a 5 1/4-inch mounting adapter. 1. Adjust the selector switches and terminating resistors on the drives as necessary. See the drive installation guide for more information. 2. If the drive is a diskette drive, remove the plastic insert from the front of the computer cover. 3. Select the appropriate mounting holes for your drive. See the drive installation guide for more information. Mount the drive on the drive platform, using the screws provided with the computer. Then, mount the drive platform in the computer. 4. Put the cover back on the computer and connect the appropriate cables. INSTALLING A 5 1/4-INCH DRIVE 1. Adjust the selector switches and terminating resistors on the drives as necessary. See the drive installation guide for more information. 2. If the drive is a diskette drive, remove the appropriate plastic panel from the computer cover. (The upper panel is held in place by two screws and can be replaced later if necessary. The lower panel breaks away and is not replaceable.) 3. Remove the drive rails from the selected drive slot by pressing the drive rail latch tabs toward each other and sliding the rails out of the tower. To remove an installed drive, disconnect the drive cables and unlatch the drive by pressing the rail tabs toward each other. Then, pull on the drive to remove it from the tower. 4. Check to be sure a metal grounding clip is attached to each rail. Then, using the appropriate holes, mount the rails onto the sides of the drive. The grounding clips must be present to ground the system. 5. Slide the drive into the drive tower until the rails lock into place. 6. Make the appropriate connections to your disk drive. See the installation guide that came with your disk drive for more information. INSTALLING A SMARTDRIVE A SmartDrive (IDE hard disk drive) is a hard disk drive with a built-in controller. Because a hard disk controller usually occupies one of the expansion slots in a computer, using a SmartDrive frees one of your expansion slots for some other use and saves you the cost of a separate controller. The Smart-Drive is designed to work with its built-in controller, so you get maximum performance and guaranteed compatibility at a lower cost than with other drive/controller combinations. TO INSTALL A SMARTDRIVE: * Install the drive in your computer. For instructions on installing a drive in your computer, refer to "Installing a 3<-Inch Drive" or "Installing a 5 1/4-Inch Drive" in this manual. * Connect a SmartDrive data/controller cable between the SmartDrive and the 40-pin SmartDrive connector on the main logic board. A SmartDrive data/controller cable supports up to two Smart- Drives. To help you connect the SmartDrive cable correctly, the SmartDrive connector on the main logic board is keyed; it has one pin fewer than an unkeyed connector. Omitting a pin creates an empty spot on the connector. This open area on the connector is called the key. The connector on your SmartDrive data/controller cable might also be a keyed connector. A keyed connector on a cable has one hole fewer than an unkeyed connector, and again, the empty area on the connector is called the key. To connect a keyed SmartDrive cable, simply align the keys on the two connectors and then firmly press the cable connector onto the main logic board connector. If your cable connector is not a keyed connector, you must locate Pin 1 on the cable connector and on the main logic board connector. On the cable, one wire is a different color from the others. This wire is connected to Pin 1 on the cable connector. On the main logic board, "1" is printed next to Pin 1 of the main logic board connector. To connect an unkeyed IDE cable, align Pin 1 of the cable connector with Pin 1 of the main logic board connector and then press the cable connector onto the main logic board connector. After installing a SmartDrive (or any hard disk drive), run the Setup utility to update your system configuration. To run Setup, insert the Utilities Diskette into Drive A and turn on the computer. After you reset the computer, use the fdisk, format, and copy commands to partition the drive (if necessary), high-level format each partition, and copy data and programs to the hard disk. CAUTION: Do not use the Format Hard Disk utility on the Utilities Diskette with a SmartDrive, any other IDE hard disk drive, or a SCSI hard disk drive. A brief description of fdisk, format, and copy is included here for your convenience. If you want more information about these commands, refer to an MS-DOS reference manual. You can purchase complete MS-DOS documentation from Radio Shack. THE FDISK COMMAND The fdisk command enables you to partition a physical hard disk into two or more logical drives. To use fdisk, type: fdisk and press ENTER. Fdisk displays a series of menus to help you partition your hard disk drive for MS-DOS. THE FORMAT COMMAND After you partition the hard disk, use the format command to prepare each partition for use by MS-DOS. For a hard disk drive, the syntax of the format command is: format drive: [/v] [/s] Brackets indicate optional parameters. The /v parameter is optional. If you include /v, MS-DOS prompts you for a volume label after the disk is formatted. The /s parameter is also optional. If you include /s, MS-DOS copies operating system files to the newly formatted disk. When the operating system files are on a disk, you can use that disk as a boot disk. NOTE: Only one hard disk (or disk partition) can be used as a boot disk. If you want a boot disk, use the first drive or partition (Drive C) as the boot disk. To use the format command, type the syntax line given above, including any optional parameters you want. Then, press ENTER. For example, to format Drive C as the startup disk, type: format c: /s and press ENTER. When formatting is complete, MS-DOS displays a message and returns to the operating system prompt. THE COPY COMMAND After a disk (or partition) is correctly formatted, use the copy command to move files and programs to the disk. Copy transfers files from one storage medium to another. The syntax of the copy command is: copy [drive:]pathname1 [drive:]pathname2 A pathname specifies the location of a file. This is simply a filename if the file is in the current directory. If the file is not in the current directory, the pathname must specify, relative to the root directory, the exact name of the directory that contains the file. For example, if myfile is in the current directory, the command copy c:myfile c:myfile2 is valid. If myfile is in the personal directory, you must specify the directory name: copy c:/personal/myfile c:myfile2 When using the copy command, you must specify pathname1, which is the file to be copied (the source file). Pathname2 is optional. If you do not specify pathname2, MS-DOS creates the duplicate file in the working directory, using the same file-name as that of the source file. If the source file is in the working directory and you do not specify a destination filename, MS-DOS displays an error message and terminates the copy command. After you have partitioned and formatted your SmartDrive and copied files to the SmartDrive partitions, the SmartDrive is ready for use. PREPARE SYSTEM FOR MOVING If you have a hard disk, use the Prepare System for Moving utility to park the drive heads before moving the computer. Normally, the hard disk drive heads are positioned over the data area of the disk media. This utility parks the hard disk drive heads away from the data area, reducing the chance of disk damage or data loss. NOTE: The drive heads on some hard disks are automatically parked when you turn off the computer. Refer to your hard disk installation guide to determine whether it is necessary to use this utility on your hard disk. TO USE THE PREPARE SYSTEM FOR MOVING UTILITY: * At the Utilities Menu, type 3 and press ENTER. Wait for the TURN SYSTEM OFF prompt. Then, turn off the computer. When you turn on the computer again, the heads automatically return to an active position, and the hard disk drive is operational. FORMAT HARD DISK The Format Hard Disk utility enables you to low-level format certain types of hard drives. Refer to your hard disk drive installation guide to determine whether a low-level format is required. If a low-level format utility is shipped with your hard disk (or is included in your operating system), use that utility instead of the Format Hard Disk utility. CAUTION: Do not use the Format Hard Disk utility on SmartDrives (IDE hard disks) or SCSI hard disks. SmartDrives and SCSI drives are already low-level formatted. You must low-level format some ST-506 hard disks. Hard disks must be low-level formatted, partitioned, and high-level formatted before they can be used. Refer to your operating system documentation for instructions on partitioning a hard disk and high-level formatting each partition. TO USE THE FORMAT HARD DISK UTILITY: 1. At the Utilities Menu, type 5 and press ENTER. The following prompt is displayed: Which hard drive do you want to format (C/D) ? _ 2. To format the primary hard disk drive, type C and press ENTER. To format the secondary hard disk drive, type D and press ENTER. After you make your selection, the following warning is displayed: All data on drive x will be DESTROYED!! Do you want to continue (Y/N) ? _ The purpose of this warning is to prevent you from accidentally erasing information on the hard disk. If you are formatting a new hard disk, you can continue safely. If you are reformatting a hard disk, be sure you have made a copy of any information on the disk that you want to keep. 3. If you do not want to continue, type N and press ENTER. The Utilities Menu will be displayed again. If you want to continue, type Y and press ENTER. NOTE: If you answer Y and later decide not to continue, you can reset the computer to terminate the Format Hard Disk utility. However, if you changed your configuration and did not save it, you must update the configuration again after you reset the computer. If you continue, the utility displays the following information: Hard drive x is type x Number of heads = x Number of cylinders = x Is this correct (Y/N)?_ 4. If this information matches the hard disk, type Y and press ENTER. If the information does not match the hard disk drive, type N and press ENTER. The utility prompts for the correct number of heads, the correct number of cylinders, and the interleave factor, displaying the range of acceptable values for each. CAUTION: The default interleave factor is 3. Contact your Radio Shack Service Center for information and assistance if you think you need to change the interleave factor. After you verify or change the hard disk information, the following prompt is displayed: Do you want to flag defective tracks (Y/N) ? _ 5. To identify defective tracks, refer to the media error map that came with the hard disk drive. If the map lists no defective tracks, type N and press ENTER. If the map lists any defective tracks, type Y and press ENTER. The following prompt is displayed: Enter next head, cylinder pair or press ENTER to quit.? _ 6. Enter the defective track information. For example, if the error map lists Head 4, Cylinder 100 and Head 5, Cylinder 100, type: 4,100 ENTER 5,100 ENTER After entering all the defective heads and tracks noted on the media error map, press ENTER to begin the formatting procedure. CAUTION: Do not interrupt the program while it is formatting the drive. If formatting is interrupted, restart the Format Hard Disk utility from the Utilities Menu. You are now ready to install your operating system(s) on the hard disk drive. See your operating system documentation for details.